History of Focaccia Bread

The history of focaccia bread is a long and sometimes debated one. Though commonly categorized as an Italian bread created by the Etruscans living in ancient Italy and Corsica, some historians believe that focaccia may have actually been developed by the Ancient Greeks. Out of all the different types of bread, focaccia is one of the most popular types today. This flat bread evolved to be topped with olive oil, spices, herbs, vegetables, meats, and cheese and paved the way for the ever popular pizza.

The history of focaccia bread includes various baking methods. The name focaccia is derived from the Roman "panis focacius." It received its name due to the fact that early versions were simple doughs of flour, water, and salt that were flattened and then baked on any available heat source. It was originally cooked on hearths over a hot fire, under ashes of a fire, or on a heated piece of stoneware. The development of dotting became common with focaccia. Dotting helps retain moisture for a savory bread by poking small holes on the surface of the uncooked dough. Olive oil is then spread ontop and allowed to sink in as the dough rises and is eventually baked. Originating in the Mediterranean region where the air is incredibly salty, focaccia tended to rise on its own. Today, however, small amounts of yeast or other leavening agents are used.

Historically, focaccia bread was often baked in areas that were lower in economic status. It was also a main staple in the diet of slaves for the Roman Empire. Because of this fact, there is still a negative association for many cultures. Focaccia's use in religious ceremonies originated in the Middle Ages. The Catholic Church used the bread during the Eucharist due to its similarities to the unleavened bread Christ used during the last supper. Focaccia has also held a long standing tradition of being served on Christmas Eve.

The history of focaccia bread includes many cultures and traditions. It has journeyed throughout the world, becoming a favorite in many countries including the United States. Focaccia is still evolving today and with a little creativity, it can become the centerpiece of the dinner table.